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eFigure 37–6. Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote in a thin blood smear stained with Giemsa. Note the anterior location of the nucleus. (From Global Health, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, CDC.) A photomicrograph of trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote in a thin, Giemsa stained blood smear.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease)

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eFigure 37–13. Blood smear showing Babesia spp. rings with basophilic stippling. (From Dr. Mae Melvin, Public Health Image Library, CDC.) This image shows blood smear showing Babesia spp. rings with basophilic stippling. The purple, round structure have halos within their membranes and some have subcellular structures.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Babesiosis

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eFigure 37–53. Microfilariae in tissue fluids: Loa loa. Microfilariae of L loa are sheathed and measure 230–250 mcm long in stained blood smears and 270–300 mcm in 2% formalin. The tail is tapered and nuclei extend to the tip of the tail. Microfilariae circulate in the blood. In this thick blood smear stained with Giemsa, note the nuclei extending to the tip of the tail to the left of the image. An illustration shows a flat Loa loa. It has multiple oval spots on the surface.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Loiasis

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eFigure 15–2. Iron deficiency anemia, on peripheral blood smear. Virtually all the cells are hypochromic with a pale center and only a thin rim of hemoglobin (arrow). The cells are also smaller than normal (microcytic) as judged by comparison to the size of the nucleus of the typical small lymphocyte shown. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood smear from a case of iron deficiency anemia. There are small, red cells with increased pallor and a thin, pink border of hemoglobin, indicated by arrows.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Iron Deficiency Anemia

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eFigure 15–3. Hemoglobin H disease, on peripheral blood smear. Note strikingly small RBCs (microcytosis), with pallor and thin rim of hemoglobin (hypochromia), and abnormally shaped RBCs (poikilocytes), including target cells. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood smear from a case of Hemoglobin H disease reveals small, abnormally shaped red blood cells with pale centers and pink borders. Some of the cells have a bull's eye appearance with a red border and a red center, and some are elongated.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > The Thalassemias

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eFigure 15–4. Beta-thalassemia minor, on peripheral blood smear. Note that, on average, the RBCs are small (microcytic) compared to the nucleus of cell the small lymphocyte and pale (hypochromic). There is marked variation in hemoglobin content of RBCs (anisochromia) and marked variation in RBC size (anisocytosis). Misshapen RBCs (poikilocytes) are frequent, including tear drop, oval, elliptical, and fragmented cells. The arrow points to a stippled RBC, characteristic of thalassemia minor; such stippling helps distinguish it from iron deficiency anemia, which does not have stippled RBCs. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood smear from a case of beta thalassemia minor. There are multiple cells with abnormal shapes, including tear drop, elliptical, and fragmented. An arrow indicates a stippled red cell.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > The Thalassemias

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eFigure 15–5. Beta-thalassemia major, on peripheral blood smear. Note that, on average, the RBCs are severely microcytic and hypochromic cells are prevalent. There is marked variation in hemoglobin content of RBCs (anisochromia) and marked variation in RBC size (anisocytosis). Misshapen RBCs (poikilocytes) are frequent, including tear drop, oval, elliptical, and fragmented cells. A nucleated RBC is present (lower right) as is a typical small lymphocyte (lower left). (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood smear from a case of beta thalassemia major. The image reveals severe microcytosis, anisocytosis, and poikilocytosis. Two dark blue hypochromic cells are seen, along with a nucleated red cell and a small lymphocyte.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > The Thalassemias

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eFigure 15–14. Sickle cell disease, peripheral blood smear. A: Pretransfusion blood smear shows numerous sickle cells. B: Posttransfusion shows a greatly reduced frequency of sickle cells. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) Two micrographs of the blood smear from a case of sickle cell disease taken before and after transfusion.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Sickle Cell Anemia & Related Syndromes

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eFigure 15–21. Primary myelofibrosis, peripheral blood smears. A: In classical idiopathic myelofibrosis, tear drop–shaped RBCs (dacrocytes) and nucleated RBCs are characteristically present throughout, along with a few other poikilocytes (abnormally shaped RBCs). B: Again, note prevalence of tear drop RBCs, other poikilocytes, nucleated RBCs. A basophil is present in the lower right. The other fields also demonstrate left shifted granulocytes (metamyelocytes, myelocytes, promyelocytes, possibly blasts). The triad of nucleated RBCs, dacrocytes, and left shifted granulocytes make this a leukoerythroblastic blood smear, typical of myelofibrosis and other marrow infiltrative diseases. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) Two micrographs of blood smears from a case of primary myelofibrosis.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Primary Myelofibrosis

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eFigure 15–35. Plasma cell myeloma, peripheral blood smear. Characteristic of myeloma are pathological rouleaux formations, linear rows of overlapping RBCs in an apparent "stack." Rouleaux occurs in clonal lymphoid diseases with monoclonal Ig in the blood, whose molecules facilitate the linear associations of RBCs on smears of the peripheral blood. In vivo, the immunoglobulin molecules cause an increased blood viscosity in a given packed RBC volume. The monoclonal IgM molecules in Waldenström macroglobulinemia are most likely to produce rouleaux formation along with large clusters of RBCs (called agglutination). (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood smear from a case of plasma cell myeloma, reveals linear aggregates of red cells clumped in a rouleaux, or stacked, formation.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Plasma Cell Myeloma

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