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eFigure 15–5. Beta-thalassemia major, on peripheral blood smear. Note that, on average, the RBCs are severely microcytic and hypochromic cells are prevalent. There is marked variation in hemoglobin content of RBCs (anisochromia) and marked variation in RBC size (anisocytosis). Misshapen RBCs (poikilocytes) are frequent, including teardrop, oval, elliptical, and fragmented cells. A nucleated RBC is present (lower right) as is a typical small lymphocyte (lower left). (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood smear from a case of beta thalassemia major. The image reveals severe microcytosis, anisocytosis, and poikilocytosis. Two dark blue hypochromic cells are seen, along with a nucleated red cell and a small lymphocyte.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2025 > The Thalassemias

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eFigure 15–9. Megaloblastic anemia as a result of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, peripheral blood smear. Shown are characteristic findings of oval macrocytes, anisocytosis, and poikilocytosis; also shown is a hypersegmented polymorphonuclear neutrophil. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood film from a case of megaloblastic anemia. The image reveals large, oval macrocytes, smaller microcytes, slit cells, and a neutrophil with a dark, hyper segmented nucleus.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2025 > Vitamin B₁₂ Deficiency

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eFigure 15–17. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome, peripheral blood smear. Characteristic findings include anisocytosis (RBCs of varying size), spherocytosis (RBCs that are sphere-shaped rather than biconcave disks), and poikilocytosis (RBCs that are abnormally shaped) as well as an absence of platelets, reflecting a marked thrombocytopenia (low platelet level). The fragmented RBCs with pointed ends are schistocytes, consistent with this being a microangiopathic process. (Reproduced, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood film from a case of hemolytic uremic syndrome. The image reveals blood cells of varying sizes, some with reduced pallor. Some cells appear spherical in shape, and some are fragmented.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2025 > Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemias

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eFigure 15–26. Myelodysplasia. Peripheral blood smear. Macrocytosis with poikilocytosis including ovalocytes, elliptocytes, and teardrop-shaped cells. (Adapted, with permission, from Lichtman MA, Shafer MS, Felgar RE, Wang N. Lichtman's Atlas of Hematology. McGraw-Hill, 2016.) A micrograph of the blood film from a case of myelodysplasia, reveals hypo lobulated neutrophils and macrocytes. There are two neutrophils with blue nuclei near the center of the field.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2025 > Myelodysplastic Neoplasms

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