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eFigure 20–1. A: Lateral view of the ankle. B: Injection of the true ankle joint, just medial to the extensor hallucis longus. C: Injection of the subtalar joint, just inferior and anterior to the tip of the lateral malleolus. (Used, with permission, from Imboden JB et al. Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Rheumatology, 3e. McGraw-Hill, 2013.) An illustration and two photos depict the aspiration of synovial fluid from the ankle joint.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Rheumatologic Disorders

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eFigure 20–1. A: Lateral view of the ankle. B: Injection of the true ankle joint, just medial to the extensor hallucis longus. C: Injection of the subtalar joint, just inferior and anterior to the tip of the lateral malleolus. (Used, with permission, from Imboden JB et al. Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Rheumatology, 3e. McGraw-Hill, 2013.) An illustration and two photos depict the aspiration of synovial fluid from the ankle joint.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Rheumatologic Disorders

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eFigure 20–1. A: Lateral view of the ankle. B: Injection of the true ankle joint, just medial to the extensor hallucis longus. C: Injection of the subtalar joint, just inferior and anterior to the tip of the lateral malleolus. (Used, with permission, from Imboden JB et al. Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Rheumatology, 3e. McGraw-Hill, 2013.) An illustration and two photos depict the aspiration of synovial fluid from the ankle joint.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Rheumatologic Disorders

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eFigure 20–40. Tuberculous osteomyelitis. Preliminary AP radiograph; (A) shows erosions of the distal fibula and medial malleolus and mixed lytic and sclerotic changes of the ankle. Follow-up radiograph (B) from over 2 years later shows slightly more erosion and sclerosis in the affected areas. The severe osteoporosis and slow process of bone erosions on the follow-up radiograph suggests chronicity indicating chronic disease process. (Reproduced, with permission, from Tehranzadeh J. Basic Musculoskeletal Imaging, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, 2021.) Two radiographs reveal tuberculous osteomyelitis in the ankle joint.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Tuberculous Arthritis

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eFigure 20–44. Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the ankle. Lateral (A) and internal oblique (mortise view) (B) radiographs of the ankle in a 25-year-old patient show ring-like sclerotic density in the distal tibia representing medullary infarct and subchondral sclerosis and lucency of the dome of the talus exhibiting subchondral AVN. Coronal T1-weighted spin-echo image of the ankle (C) and coronal fat-saturated T2-weighted image (D) showing a ring-like lesion representing medullary infarct in the distal tibial metaphysis and subchondral AVN of the dome of the talus exhibiting low signal in T1-weighted image and mixed "double-line" signal in the T2-weighted image. (Reproduced, with permission, from Tehranzadeh J. Basic Musculoskeletal Imaging, 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, 2021.) Four radiographs show the lateral and internal oblique views of the ankle joint.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Osteonecrosis (Avascular Necrosis of Bone)

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eFigure 12–5. Typical appearance of ulceration from arterial insufficiency. (Reproduced, with permission, from Dean RH, Yao JST, Brewster DC [editors]. Current Diagnosis & Treatment in Vascular Surgery. Originally published by Appleton & Lange. Copyright © 1995 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.) A photo shows a large ulcer in the side of a patient's ankle.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Occlusive Disease: Tibial & Pedal Arteries

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Figure 12–2. Bilateral pretibial edema and erythema consistent with stasis dermatitis (sometimes mimicking cellulitis) in chronic venous insufficiency. (Used, with permission, from Dean SM, Satiani B, Abraham WT. Color Atlas and Synopsis of Vascular Diseases. McGraw-Hill, 2014.) A photo of a patient's swollen lower legs with large patches of red skin on the inside of each leg, between the knees and ankles.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Chronic Venous Insufficiency

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Figure 12–4. Lymphedema with a dorsal pedal hump and exaggerated skin folds near the ankle. (Used, with permission, from Dean SM, Satiani B, Abraham WT. Color Atlas and Synopsis of Vascular Diseases. McGraw-Hill, 2014.) A photo shows the lower part of a massively swollen human leg; the swelling is spread all over from the lower portion of calf muscles to heels, to bridge, to toe and fingers.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Lymphedema

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eFigure 26–23. Necrolytic migratory erythema. (Reproduced with permission from Carl Grunfeld, MD) A photo shows a red rash spread in the ankles and heels of a patient's legs.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs) & Carcinoid Tumors

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eFigure 7–72. Technique of lid eversion. A: With the patient looking down, the upper lashes are grasped with one hand as an applicator stick is positioned at the superior edge of the upper tarsus (at the upper lid crease). B and C: As the lashes are lifted, slight downward pressure is simultaneously applied with the applicator stick. D: The thumb pins the lashes against the superior orbital rim, allowing examination of the undersurface of the tarsus. (Photos by Richard Leung and Matthew Richardson. Used with permission from King's College Hospital, London in Riordan-Eva P, Augsburger JJ. Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology, 19th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2018.) This image (A) shows lid eversion technique. This image (B) shows lid eversion technique. This image (C) shows lid eversion technique. This image (D) shows lid eversion technique.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Ocular Trauma

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eFigure 7–72. Technique of lid eversion. A: With the patient looking down, the upper lashes are grasped with one hand as an applicator stick is positioned at the superior edge of the upper tarsus (at the upper lid crease). B and C: As the lashes are lifted, slight downward pressure is simultaneously applied with the applicator stick. D: The thumb pins the lashes against the superior orbital rim, allowing examination of the undersurface of the tarsus. (Photos by Richard Leung and Matthew Richardson. Used with permission from King's College Hospital, London in Riordan-Eva P, Augsburger JJ. Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology, 19th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2018.) This image (A) shows lid eversion technique. This image (B) shows lid eversion technique. This image (C) shows lid eversion technique. This image (D) shows lid eversion technique.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Ocular Trauma

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eFigure 7–72. Technique of lid eversion. A: With the patient looking down, the upper lashes are grasped with one hand as an applicator stick is positioned at the superior edge of the upper tarsus (at the upper lid crease). B and C: As the lashes are lifted, slight downward pressure is simultaneously applied with the applicator stick. D: The thumb pins the lashes against the superior orbital rim, allowing examination of the undersurface of the tarsus. (Photos by Richard Leung and Matthew Richardson. Used with permission from King's College Hospital, London in Riordan-Eva P, Augsburger JJ. Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology, 19th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2018.) This image (A) shows lid eversion technique. This image (B) shows lid eversion technique. This image (C) shows lid eversion technique. This image (D) shows lid eversion technique.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Ocular Trauma

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eFigure 7–72. Technique of lid eversion. A: With the patient looking down, the upper lashes are grasped with one hand as an applicator stick is positioned at the superior edge of the upper tarsus (at the upper lid crease). B and C: As the lashes are lifted, slight downward pressure is simultaneously applied with the applicator stick. D: The thumb pins the lashes against the superior orbital rim, allowing examination of the undersurface of the tarsus. (Photos by Richard Leung and Matthew Richardson. Used with permission from King's College Hospital, London in Riordan-Eva P, Augsburger JJ. Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology, 19th ed. McGraw-Hill, 2018.) This image (A) shows lid eversion technique. This image (B) shows lid eversion technique. This image (C) shows lid eversion technique. This image (D) shows lid eversion technique.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Ocular Trauma

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Figure 6–17. Cellulitis. (Used, with permission, from Lindy Fox, MD.) A photo of a large, red lesion covering a patient's ankle and front of the lower leg.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Cellulitis

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eFigure 6–64. Ichthyosis vulgaris. Plate-like scales on the dorsal foot. (Used, with permission, from Lindy Fox, MD.) A patient with ichthyosis vulgaris exhibits dry, thick, large scales over the ankle and dorsal surface of the foot.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Atopic Dermatitis

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eFigure 6–106. Venous stasis ulcer located over the medial malleolus. (Used, with permission, from K Zipperstein, MD.) A photo shows an open sore on a patient's ankle.

Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2023 > Leg Ulcers Secondary to Venous Insufficiency

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