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Acid-Base Disturbances and Electrolyte Abnormalities

AUTHOR:
Joanna Odenthal
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
  1. Identify acidosis and alkalosis and interpret laboratory values to determine if the primary disturbance is metabolic or respiratory. 
  2. List the common causes of metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis.
  3. Calculate the Anion Gap and list causes of anion gap vs. non-anion gap metabolic acidosis.
  4. Use equations such as Winter’s Formula to determine if a disturbance is appropriately compensated for or if a second acid-base disturbance exists. 
  5. Describe the causes, clinical manifestations and management of electrolyte disturbances, particularly of potassium, sodium, magnesium and phosphate. 
  6. Understand the relationship of sodium levels to fluid status and causes of hypernatremia and hyponatremia.
Section
AccessMedicine > Huppert’s Notes: Pathophysiology and Clinical Pearls for Internal Medicine > Approaches and Chief Complaints in Critical Care Medicine > APPROACH TO ANALYSIS OF AN ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS (ABG)
Chapter
AccessMedicine > Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Acid-Base Disorders
Section
AccessMedicine > Huppert’s Notes: Pathophysiology and Clinical Pearls for Internal Medicine > Diseases and Pathophysiology in Nephrology > SODIUM
Chapter
AccessMedicine > Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Hyponatremia
Chapter
AccessMedicine > Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2024 > Hypernatremia
Case File
AccessMedicine > Critical Concept Mastery Series: Acid-Base Disturbance Cases > Case 42 > Case 42
Case File
AccessMedicine > Critical Concept Mastery Series: Acid-Base Disturbance Cases > Case 75 > Case 75
Case File
AccessMedicine > Critical Concept Mastery Series: Acid-Base Disturbance Cases > Case 36 > Case 36
Case File
AccessMedicine > Critical Concept Mastery Series: Acid-Base Disturbance Cases > Case 37 > Case 37
Case File
AccessMedicine > Vanderbilt Internal Medicine and Pediatric Curriculum > 39 > Hyponatremia
Case File
AccessMedicine > Case Files: Internal Medicine 6e > Case 47 > Hyponatremia, Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone
Case File
AccessMedicine > Vanderbilt Internal Medicine and Pediatric Curriculum > 40 > Hypernatremia
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Acidosis, Anion Gap Metabolic
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Acidosis, Metabolic (Nongap)
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Acidosis, Respiratory PaCo2 greater than 45 mmHg
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Alkalosis, Metabolic
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Alkalosis, Respiratory PaCo2 less than 35 mmHg
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Hyponatremia
Section
AccessMedicine > The Infographic Guide to Medicine > Nephrology > Hypernatremia

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