RT Book, Section A1 Daley, Matthew F. A1 O’Leary, Sean T. A1 Nyquist, Ann-Christine A1 Cataldi, Jessica R. A2 Hay Jr., William W. A2 Levin, Myron J. A2 Abzug, Mark J. A2 Bunik, Maya SR Print(0) ID 1172101959 T1 Immunization T2 Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Pediatrics, 25e YR 2020 FD 2020 PB McGraw-Hill Education PP New York, NY SN 9781260457827 LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1172101959 RD 2024/04/19 AB Immunization is widely recognized as one of the greatest public health achievements of modern times. Largely due to immunization, the annual incidences of diphtheria, paralytic poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in the United States have fallen by more than 99% compared with the average annual incidences of these diseases in the 20th century. Invasive pneumococcal disease in children younger than 5 years has declined steeply since routine pneumococcal vaccination began in 2000. Similarly, rotavirus vaccination is associated with substantial declines in hospitalizations and emergency department visits for diarrheal illnesses in young children. Childhood immunization has also led, through herd immunity, to significant decreases in several infectious illnesses in adults, including pneumococcal, rotavirus, and varicella disease.