RT Book, Section
A1 Winchester, James F.
A1 Charen, Elliot
A1 Harbord, Nikolas B.
A2 Lerma, Edgar V.
A2 Rosner, Mitchell H.
A2 Perazella, Mark A.
SR Print(0)
ID 1149117367
T1 Poisonings and Intoxications
T2 CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Nephrology & Hypertension, 2e
YR 2017
FD 2017
PB McGraw-Hill Education
PP New York, NY
SN 9781259861055
LK accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1149117367
RD 2024/04/20
AB To  underscore  the  importance  of  poisoning  in  modern  times  recent  statistics  reveal  that  the  annual  deaths  from  poisoning  (47,055  in  2014)  now  exceed  those  from  traffic  accidents  in  the  United  States  (Figure  57–1).  Opioid  deaths  in  the  United  States,  18,893  in  2014,  (Figure  57–2)  and  Europe  (Table  57–1)  have  become  so  serious  that  the  antidote  naloxone  in  the  form  of  nasal  sprays  are  carried  by  police,  emergency  medical  services,  firemen,  friends,  and  acquaintances  for  emergency  treatment  in  the  event  of  an  overdose.  On  the  other  hand,  in  patients  obtaining  advice  from  their  local  poison  control  center  mortality  is  low.  The  latest  report  of  the  American  Association  of  Poison  Control  Centers  (AAPCC)  for  2014  reports  experience  with  2,165,142  human  exposures.  In  2014,  the  majority  of  cases  (68.1%)  were  managed  at  home,  28.3%  required  treatment  in  a  health  care  setting  and  1408  patients  died;  44,713  patients  were  treated  with  single  dose  activated  charcoal;  11,275  were  treated  by  alkalinization;  2481  received  hemodialysis;  43  received  hemoperfusion;  42  received  extracorporeal  oxygenation,  33  “other”  extracorporeal  treatment  and  16  had  an  organ  transplant.