TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A1  - Ketefian, Aline
A1  - Goodarzi, Mark
A2  - Murray, Michael F.
A2  - Babyatsky, Mark W.
A2  - Giovanni, Monica A.
A2  - Alkuraya, Fowzan S.
A2  - Stewart, Douglas R.
PY  - 2014
T2  - Clinical Genomics: Practical Applications in Adult Patient Care
AB  - Disease  summary:Polycystic  ovary  syndrome  (PCOS)  is  a  highly  prevalent  and  complex  genetic  disorder  affecting  reproductive  aged  women.  Its  characteristics  include  clinical  and/or  biochemical  androgen  excess,  ovulatory  dysfunction,  and  polycystic  ovaries  (PCOs).  Women  with  PCOS  are  at  increased  risk  for  infertility,  obesity,  insulin  resistance,  glucose  intolerance,  type  2  diabetes  mellitus  (T2DM),  dyslipidemia,  and  cardiovascular  disease.Hereditary  basis:There  is  an  increased  prevalence  of  PCOS  among  family  members.  Approximately  20%  to  40%  of  first-degree  female  relatives  of  women  with  PCOS  are  affected  by  the  condition,  compared  to  a  prevalence  of  6%  to  10%  in  the  general  population.  A  twin-family  study  showed  71%  concordance  in  monozygotic  twins,  compared  to  38%  concordance  in  dizygotic  twins  and  other  sisters.  The  phenotypic  components  of  PCOS,  including  hirsutism,  hyperandrogenemia,  oligomenorrhea,  acne,  and  insulin  resistance,  are  also  increased  in  families  of  women  with  PCOS.Differential  diagnosis:It  is  important  to  exclude  thyroid  dysfunction,  hyperprolactinemia,  nonclassical  congenital  adrenal  hyperplasia,  androgen-secreting  neoplasms  (ovarian  and  adrenal),  Cushing  syndrome,  use  of  exogenous  androgens,  acromegaly,  primary  hypothalamic  amenorrhea,  primary  ovarian  failure,  hyperandrogenism/insulin  resistance/acanthosis  nigricans  (HAIRAN)  syndrome  (often  with  lipodystrophy),  and  syndromes  characterized  by  insulin  receptor  gene  mutations.  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1102703908
ER  -