TY - CHAP M1 - Book, Section TI - Chronic Venous Insufficiency & Lymphedema A1 - Carman, Teresa L. A1 - Ang, Sik Kim A2 - Williams, Brie A. A2 - Chang, Anna A2 - Ahalt, Cyrus A2 - Chen, Helen A2 - Conant, Rebecca A2 - Landefeld, C. Seth A2 - Ritchie, Christine A2 - Yukawa, Michi PY - 2014 T2 - Current Diagnosis & Treatment: Geriatrics, 2e AB - Essentials of DiagnosisPitting edema.Skin changes, including hyperpigmentation, lipodermatosclerosis, and varicose veins.Limb pain with prolonged standing.Chronic edema resulting in ulcer formation above the medial malleolus.Venous reflux may be identified on ultrasound imaging. SN - PB - McGraw-Hill Education CY - New York, NY Y2 - 2024/04/19 UR - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1100067349 ER -