TY  - CHAP
M1  - Book, Section
TI  - Glomerular Disorders Due to Infections
A1  - Leventhal, Jeremy S.
A1  - Ross, Michael J.
A1  - Lai, Kar Neng
A1  - Tang, Sydney C. W.
A2  - Lerma, Edgar V.
A2  - Rosner, Mitchell H.
A2  - Perazella, Mark A.
PY  - 2017
T2  - CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Nephrology & Hypertension, 2e
AB  - ESSENTIALS  OF  DIAGNOSISHIV-associated  Nephropathy  (HIVAN)  is  a  distinct  pathological  entity  characterized  by  the  combination  of  collapsing  FSGS,  microcystic  dilation  of  renal  tubules,  and  interstitial  inflammation  found  in  HIV  infected  individualsHIVAN  is  caused  by  expression  of  HIV-1  genes  in  renal  epithelial  cells  and  is  highly  associated  with  APOL1  risk  alleles:Combination  antiretroviral  therapy  (cART)  is  the  most  effective  treatment  to  retard  progression  of  glomerular  filtration  decline  and  proteinuria:Though  cART  protects  against  HIVAN,  some  individual  agents  are  associated  with  a  spectrum  of  renal  manifestations  from  benign  spurious  changes  in  serum  creatinine  to  fulminant  acute  kidney  injury  (AKI)Small  studies  suggest  a  beneficial  effect  of  angiotensin  converting  enzyme  inhibitors  and  steroids  in  selected  patientsHIV-positive  patients  are  predisposed  to  AKIHIV-associated  immune  complex  kidney  (HIVICK)  disease  includes  a  heterogeneous  spectrum  of  glomerular  diseases  occurring  in  HIV-infected  patients  characterized  by  glomerular  immune  complex  depositionThrombotic  microangiopathy  is  an  HIV-related  complication  most  commonly  found  in  patients  with  untreated/advanced  HIV  diseaseHIV  infection  increases  the  risk  of  diabetic  kidney  disease  progression,  and  may  also  promote  progression  of  other  common  forms  of  chronic  kidney  disease  (CKD).  
SN  - 
PB  - McGraw-Hill Education
CY  - New York, NY
Y2  - 2024/04/19
UR  - accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?aid=1149114825
ER  -